Wednesday, 30 May 2012

Ferns

Ferns, members of phylum Tracheophyta, are "true" land plants because their survival is not dependent on wet environments. Tracheophytes have specialized vascular tissues that transport water and the products of photosynthesis throughout the plant. Xylem, associated with the movement of water, and Phloem, responsible for transporting nutrients, are the two types of vascular tissue. 



Ferns have true vascular tissues, strong roots, underground stems called rhizomes, and Fronds, which are large leaves. Ferns are most abundant in moist, wet habitats.  
                       
                                      Preserved Fern Leaf



Here we have a picture through the lens of a microscope of a preserved fern leaf 


Here we have a general diagram of Alternation of Generation reproduction. It shows how haploid cells and diploid cells go through reproductive processes and combine to complete the life cycles of many land plants.

Here, more specifically, we have the life cycle of a Fern, which reproduces via alternation of generations. Ferns spend the majority of its life in Diploid form, the sporophyte generation, which we recognize as trees.




Ferns also have a special cell, Tracheid. These cells carry water from the roots underground to the leaves in the air. As you may have noticed, plants in phylum Tracheophyta are named after this unique cell. This is a feature that enabled Ferns to adapt to a land environment, much different to their algae ancestors living in marine environments.















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